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Learn how to clean and disinfect a veterinary exam room in four easy steps. Includes illustrated step by step guide, dilutions and contact times.

Learn how to clean and disinfect veterinary and shelter cages & kennels in four easy steps. Includes illustrated step by step guide, dilutions and contact times.

Bacteria are a large domain of single-celled, prokaryote microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals.

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Non-enveloped viruses lack a lipid-bilayer membrane. Unlike, enveloped viruses, non-enveloped viruses are not easily inactivated by routine surface cleaning and disinfection.

The vast majority of the bacteria in the body are rendered harmless by the protective effects of the immune system, and a few are even beneficial. However, a few species of bacteria are pathogenic and cause infectious diseases.

Generally, the majority of common fungi, yeasts and molds are not a concern to someone who is healthy. However, there are some individuals, especially those who have existing health concerns, who may be sensitive to exposure of these organisms.

Enveloped viruses are viruses that possess an envelope or outer coating that is composed of a lipid layer (fat-like substance that is water insoluble). The envelope is needed to aid in attachment of the virus to the host cell. Loss of the envelope results in loss of infectivity.

Using liquid disinfectants during winter months when temperatures are below freezing an antifreezing agent is needed to prevent them from freezing under such conditions.