Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) continue to be a threat to the poultry industry. Since 2004, there have been at least 6 outbreaks of AIV infection in Canada, and several of these occurred in regions where winter temperatures as low as -20°C are common. Canada’s eradication policy to control these outbreaks requires euthanizing all birds on infected premises, safely disposing of carcasses and wastes, and then cleaning and decontamination of buildings, vehicles and equipment.